PFAS in Tubize's tap water: 1 ng/L, 2x our 0.5 ng/L benchmark

Last PFAS check: · Source: VMM

PFAS in drinking water

2× above our health benchmark

Amount found in the water 1 ng/L 0.001 µg/L · the 4 most harmful PFAS (PFAS-4)
Our health benchmark 0.5 ng/L

0.5 ng/L is our benchmark, not an official limit. Same EFSA method as Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands, but stricter. It's a yearly average, compared here with the latest check.

The PFAS figures come from the sample of 17 December 2025 in distribution zone ZW1478 (SWDE), one of the 8 zones serving Tubize. Part of Tubize is also served by Flemish supply area LG24_MW16; its 2024 annual PFAS-4 median (2 ng/L) is listed in the full results table.

More about this result

The US also limits PFOA and PFOS to 4 ng/L each, per substance.

Substances below the detection limit count as 0, so the real total may be higher.

One of these four, PFOA, is classified as causing cancer in humans by the WHO's cancer research agency (IARC).

More PFAS than in 52% of the cities we track

20 PFAS (see each substance)
PFAS substance Value
PFBA 0.0069 µg/L
PFPeA 0.0044 µg/L
PFHxA 0.0042 µg/L
PFBS 0.0021 µg/L
PFHxS 0.001 µg/L
PFOS <0,001 µg/L
PFOA <0,001 µg/L
PFHpA <0,001 µg/L
PFNA <0,001 µg/L
PFDA <0,001 µg/L
PFUnDA <0,001 µg/L
PFDoDA <0,001 µg/L
PFTrDA <0,001 µg/L
PFPeS <0,001 µg/L
PFHpS <0,001 µg/L
PFNS <0,001 µg/L
PFDS <0,001 µg/L
PFUnDS <0,001 µg/L
PFDoDS <0,001 µg/L
PFTrDS <0,001 µg/L

Above our health benchmark. Get new results by email below.

Legal limit (Belgium and EU)
18.6 ng/L sum of 20 PFAS, below the 100 ng/L limit
Last PFAS test
17 December 2025
Water supplier
De Watergroep, SWDE

In Tubize, the 4 most closely watched PFAS (PFAS-4) add up to 1 ng/L (0.001 µg/L) at the latest PFAS check on 17 December 2025. That's 2 times our 0.5 ng/L health benchmark, but below Sweden's legal limit of 4 ng/L. Sum of 20 PFAS: 18.6 ng/L (0.0186 µg/L), below the EU legal limit (100 ng/L). 181 checks since 12 September 2023: PFAS-4 up to 35 ng/L, sometimes below the detection limit, averaging at least 4.81 ng/L over 12 months (non-detects as 0). Falling on the main network. Source: SPW-ARNE / SWDE – Etat des lieux du monitoring PFAS dans les eaux distribuées (sept. 2023 – déc. 2025); Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij (VMM) – Kwaliteit van het drinkwater 2024, bijlage 2.

Details and sources
Water supplier: De Watergroep, SWDE Latest water check: 17 December 2025 Data updated on

PFAS over time in Tubize

181 PFAS checks since 12 September 2023, values as published. Samples come from 6 distribution networks. The trend refers to the network “ZW1147 (SWDE)”.

0.5 ng/L35 ng/L012 September 202317 December 2025
PFAS-4 sum per check in ng/L. Dashed line: pfasnearme's 0.5 ng/L benchmark. Hollow dots: below the detection limit.
DatePFAS-4Sum of 20 PFASNetwork
< 4 ng/L10.8 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
1 ng/L18.6 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L2 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L19.1 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L15.8 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L10 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L17 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L17.9 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L1.2 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L1.5 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L12.2 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L13.9 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
Show the 169 earlier checks (back to 12 September 2023)
< 4 ng/L24.2 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L24.9 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L24.5 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
2.2 ng/L23.9 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L23.7 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L1.3 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L14.3 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L23.9 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L16.2 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L17.4 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L16.3 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L19.1 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L11.4 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L11.6 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 20 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L15.8 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L13.5 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L10.2 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L11.7 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 20 ng/LZW1105 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L12.3 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L4.5 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 20 ng/LZW1107 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L12.9 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L11.3 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
1.2 ng/L11.1 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L13.2 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
1.2 ng/L13.9 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
2.8 ng/L15.6 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
6.2 ng/L29 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
2.3 ng/L21.4 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
1.1 ng/L15.8 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
1.1 ng/L19.5 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
4.3 ng/L26.8 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L1.8 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
8.5 ng/L36.8 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
10 ng/L38.9 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
8.6 ng/L40.7 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L2 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
10 ng/L41 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
23 ng/L71 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
9 ng/L37 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
18 ng/L62 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
11 ng/L42 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
16 ng/L56 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
20 ng/L54 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
20 ng/L70 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 27 ng/LZW1105 (SWDE)
17 ng/L61 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
17 ng/L65 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 27 ng/LZW1167 (SWDE)
21 ng/L71 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L3 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 27 ng/LZW1107 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L6 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
18 ng/L60 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
18 ng/L60 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
25 ng/L76 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
19 ng/L66 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L3 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L4 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
23 ng/L73 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
23 ng/L71 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
25 ng/L86 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
19 ng/L69 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L4 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
25 ng/L75 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
21 ng/L63 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L1 ng/LZW1105 (SWDE)
22 ng/L64 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L5 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
23 ng/L69 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L5 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 25 ng/LZW1107 (SWDE)
21 ng/L70 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
22 ng/L65 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
12 ng/L39 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
15 ng/L58 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L5 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
19 ng/L65 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
20 ng/L65 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
20 ng/L59 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
19 ng/L59 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
21 ng/L61 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
21 ng/L59 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
1 ng/L8 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
20 ng/L57 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 24 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
25 ng/L76 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L8 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
26 ng/L86 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
29 ng/L91 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L7 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
26 ng/L73 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 22 ng/LZW1105 (SWDE)
21 ng/L66 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
14 ng/L43 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
15 ng/L46 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
23 ng/L69 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
27 ng/L77 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
25 ng/L74 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
25 ng/L72 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
18 ng/L66 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
20 ng/L70 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
18 ng/L66 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
18 ng/L65 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 8 ng/L6 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 8 ng/L< 40 ng/LZW1167 (SWDE)
22 ng/L71 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
20 ng/L70 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
18 ng/L63 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
13 ng/L53 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
14 ng/L53 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
20 ng/L69 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
19 ng/L71 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
< 8 ng/L3 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
21 ng/L78 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
12 ng/L55 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
15 ng/L60 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
16 ng/L59 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
16 ng/L59 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
30 ng/L81 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
26 ng/L78 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
20 ng/L63 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
28 ng/L80 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
30 ng/L106 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
28 ng/L87 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
20 ng/L59 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
35 ng/L104 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
27 ng/L83 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
35 ng/L107 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
26 ng/L78 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
24 ng/L78 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
25 ng/L77 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L3 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
15 ng/L51 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
25 ng/L75 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
25 ng/L74 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
24 ng/L74 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 8 ng/L< 40 ng/LZW1107 (SWDE)
20 ng/L66 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
22 ng/L72 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
21 ng/L66 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
12 ng/L43 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
2 ng/L11 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
23 ng/L68 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
29 ng/L91 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
30 ng/L88 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
29 ng/L89 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
27 ng/L82 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
1 ng/L8 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
16 ng/L52 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
25 ng/L76 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 23 ng/LZW1107 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 20 ng/LZW1105 (SWDE)
22 ng/L67 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
24 ng/L68 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
23 ng/L69 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
24 ng/L66 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
12 ng/L39 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
16 ng/L55 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 20 ng/LZW1105 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L< 20 ng/LZW1167 (SWDE)
30 ng/L82 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
25 ng/L68 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
27 ng/L82 ng/LZW1478 (SWDE)
17 ng/L71 ng/LZW1106 (SWDE)
17 ng/L66 ng/LZW1147 (SWDE)
< 4 ng/L1 ng/LZW1107 (SWDE)

“<” means not detected, the figure being the detection limit. “–” means not published. Labs have only reported the PFAS-4 sum (SANDRE code 9268) since autumn 2025. How to read a PFAS result

What the latest check found

The authorities have not published an overall verdict for this water.

See all 28 test results
What was tested Value Limit Status
PFAS-4 (PFOA + PFOS + PFNA + PFHxS) · maximum 2024 · LG24_MW16 0.011 µg/L ≤ 0.004 µg/L above the 2028 target
Sum of 20 PFAS · maximum 2024 · LG24_MW16 0.033 µg/l ≤ 0.1 µg/l within the limit
PFAS total · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 0.008 µg/l ≤ 0.5 µg/l within the limit
PFAS total · maximum 2024 · LG24_MW16 0.052 µg/l ≤ 0.5 µg/l within the limit
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 1.75 µg/l ≤ 15.6 µg/l within the limit
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) · maximum 2024 · LG24_MW15 3.2 µg/l ≤ 15.6 µg/l within the limit
Nitrate · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 11 mg/l ≤ 50 mg/l within the limit
Nitrite · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 mg/l ≤ 0.5 mg/l within the limit
Lead · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 0 µg/l ≤ 10 µg/l within the limit
Copper · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0.004 mg/l ≤ 2 mg/l within the limit
Nickel · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 2 µg/l ≤ 20 µg/l within the limit
Arsenic · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 µg/l ≤ 10 µg/l within the limit
Cadmium · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 µg/l ≤ 5 µg/l within the limit
Chromium · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 µg/l ≤ 50 µg/l within the limit
Uranium · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 1.3 µg/l ≤ 30 µg/l within the limit
Fluoride · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0.23 mg/l ≤ 1.5 mg/l within the limit
Escherichia coli · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 /100 ml ≤ 0 /100 ml within the limit
Enterococci · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 /100 ml ≤ 0 /100 ml within the limit
Coliform bacteria · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 0 /100 ml ≤ 0 /100 ml within the limit
pH · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 7.57 6.5–9.2 within the limit
Water hardness · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 44.7 Fr° ≤ 67.5 Fr° within the limit
Electrical conductivity · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 757.5 µS/cm ≤ 2,100 µS/cm within the limit
Chloride · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 32.65 mg/l ≤ 250 mg/l within the limit
Sulphate · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 116.9 mg/l ≤ 250 mg/l within the limit
Sodium · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 15.15 mg/l ≤ 200 mg/l within the limit
Iron · median 2024 · LG24_MW15 0 µg/l ≤ 200 µg/l within the limit
PFAS-4 (PFOA + PFOS + PFNA + PFHxS) · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 0.002 µg/L ≤ 0.004 µg/L within the limit
Sum of 20 PFAS · median 2024 · LG24_MW16 0.008 µg/l ≤ 0.1 µg/l within the limit

Frequently asked questions

Is tap water in Tubize safe to drink?

All the values shown here (17 December 2025) are within the legal limits, but the authorities have not published an overall verdict for this water.

How high are PFAS levels in Tubize's drinking water?

The total of 20 PFAS ("forever chemicals") was last measured at 18.6 ng/L. The EU limit is 100 ng/L, so this water is at 19 % of the limit. (below the EU limit)

Does the water in Tubize also meet the strictest limits in Europe?

Yes. Even against Europe's strictest legal limit, Sweden's 4 ng/L in force since 2026, the measured value of 1 ng/L stays below.

Are PFAS levels rising in Tubize's tap water?

No, they are falling. On the main network, the PFAS-4 sum went from 17 ng/L (21 September 2023) to 1.2 ng/L (12 September 2025) across 33 quantified checks.

Which PFAS limits apply in Belgium?

Belgium applies the EU limit of 100 ng/L for the sum of 20 PFAS as binding law (Flemish Drinkwaterbesluit of 2023, Walloon Code de l'eau since February 2025). For the four most harmful PFAS (PFAS-4) all three regions set a target of 4 ng/L that becomes binding in 2028. This site's 0.5 ng/L benchmark is stricter than both.

How hard is the water in Tubize?

The water hardness in Tubize is 44.7 Fr° (hard). This mainly matters for household appliances and detergent dosing, not for health.

Where does this data come from?

All values come from official publications: SPW-ARNE / SWDE – Etat des lieux du monitoring PFAS dans les eaux distribuées (sept. 2023 – déc. 2025); Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij (VMM) – Kwaliteit van het drinkwater 2024, bijlage 2. Retrieved on 28 September 2026.

Same water network

Same distribution network as Tubize, so in principle the same water.

Nearby cities

The closest to Tubize on this site.

Data source

SPW-ARNE / SWDE – Etat des lieux du monitoring PFAS dans les eaux distribuées (sept. 2023 – déc. 2025); Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij (VMM) – Kwaliteit van het drinkwater 2024, bijlage 2
https://environnement.wallonie.be/home/gestion-environnementale/environnement-sante/pfas
License
SPW: non vérifiée; VMM: Modellicentie voor gratis hergebruik (Vlaamse overheid) – https://vmm.vlaanderen.be/disclaimer
Retrieved
28 September 2026
Supply networks
LG24_MW15 (De Watergroep), LG24_MW16 (De Watergroep), ZW1105 (SWDE), ZW1106 (SWDE), ZW1107 (SWDE), ZW1147 (SWDE), ZW1167 (SWDE), ZW1478 (SWDE)

Flanders: Vlaamse Milieumaatschappij (VMM), drinking water quality 2024, one annual figure per supply area (median and maximum of the measurements in the network). Licence: free reuse with attribution (Flemish model licence). Next edition expected in October 2026.

Wallonia: Service public de Wallonie (SPW-ARNE) with SWDE, PFAS monitoring of distributed water, one row per sample and distribution zone, September 2023 to December 2025. The reuse licence for this document is still to be confirmed with SPW; attributed to SPW-ARNE and SWDE meanwhile.

Limits in Belgium. Belgium applies the EU limit of 100 ng/L for the sum of 20 PFAS as binding law (Flemish Drinkwaterbesluit of 2023, Walloon Code de l'eau since February 2025). For the four most harmful PFAS (PFAS-4) all three regions set a target of 4 ng/L that becomes binding in 2028. This site's 0.5 ng/L benchmark is stricter than both.

Jaarcijfers 2024 van de metingen in het distributienet per leveringsgebied (VMM). De getoonde waarde is de mediaan van 2024; het maximum staat als aparte waarde "Maximale concentratie". 0 = niet gedetecteerd (onder de rapportagegrens). De gemeente valt in 2 leveringsgebieden (LG24_MW15, LG24_MW16); de PFAS-cijfers komen uit leveringsgebied LG24_MW16, het gebied met de hoogste mediane PFAS-4-waarde. Résultats du monitoring PFAS des eaux distribuées (SPW-ARNE, coordination SWDE), une ligne par prélèvement et zone de distribution (ZDE) ; la commune est desservie par 6 zones (ZW1105, ZW1106, ZW1107, ZW1147, ZW1167, ZW1478). Valeurs publiées en ng/L, converties en µg/L ; un « < » indique que tous les composés étaient sous la limite de quantification. Licence de réutilisation non vérifiée pour ce document (les données ouvertes du SPW sont normalement CC BY 4.0) ; attribution SPW-ARNE et SWDE en attendant confirmation.

This site is a data project, not an official source. If in doubt, check with your water supplier or local authority.